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As the President of Tri-Link FTZ, I’ve seen firsthand how linear barcode types revolutionize supply chain management. A linear barcode, also known as a 1D barcode, is a series of vertical lines and spaces that encode product or inventory data.
These barcodes are scanned using laser or CCD (charge-coupled device) scanners, translating the pattern into usable information for businesses. In logistics, a misplaced shipment can cause thousands of dollars in losses.
That’s why we rely on accurate barcode scanning to ensure each pallet, case, or individual item is tracked efficiently. Without linear barcode types, inventory management would be slower, less accurate, and prone to human error.
Unlike 2D barcodes like QR codes, linear barcodes can only store information horizontally and have a limited data capacity. However, they scan faster, making them ideal for high-volume operations like retail checkout lanes, warehouse receiving, and cross-docking logistics.
Not all barcodes are created equal. Depending on your industry, you’ll need a specific barcode type that aligns with your scanning technology and data requirements.
Over the years, we’ve implemented different linear barcode types in our foreign trade zone warehouses, each serving a unique purpose.
UPC (Universal Product Code)
If you’ve ever bought groceries, you’ve used a UPC barcode. UPCs are 12-digit numeric barcodes used in retail to track individual products.
They’re essential for point-of-sale (POS) systems, allowing businesses to automate pricing, inventory tracking, and sales data collection.
EAN (European Article Number)
Similar to UPCs, EAN-13 is the European standard for retail barcodes. While UPC is more common in North America, EAN barcodes are found in international retail markets. They provide global product identification, making it easier for brands to expand internationally.
Code 39
We frequently use Code 39 barcodes in our warehouses to track pallets, containers, and industrial equipment. Unlike UPC or EAN, Code 39 can store both numbers and letters, making it ideal for automotive, government, and manufacturing industries.
Code 128
Code 128 is a high-density barcode used in shipping and logistics. It can store alphanumeric characters, making it one of the most versatile linear barcode types.
If you’ve ever received a package with a tracking label, it likely contained a Code 128 barcode.
ITF-14 (Interleaved 2 of 5)
This barcode is perfect for direct printing on cardboard and is widely used in distribution centers and warehouses. It is commonly found on cartons and shipping boxes, ensuring that bulk shipments are easily scannable.
GS1-128
Unlike regular Code 128, GS1-128 can store extra product data, such as batch numbers, expiration dates, and serial numbers. This makes it essential for healthcare, pharmaceuticals, and food distribution, where traceability is critical.
Linear barcode types are widely used, but they come with both strengths and limitations. Let’s break it down:
Advantages
Fast & Efficient – 1D barcodes scan instantly, making them ideal for high-volume scanning.
Low Cost – Barcode labels are cheap to produce and easy to implement.
Universal Compatibility – Most scanners, POS systems, and inventory software support linear barcodes.
Standardized for Retail – UPC and EAN barcodes work seamlessly across global retail markets.
Simple Integration – Businesses can quickly adopt barcode systems without requiring major upgrades.
Disadvantages
Limited Data Storage – 1D barcodes can only store small amounts of data.
Directional Scanning – Barcodes must be aligned correctly with scanners for accurate reading.
Susceptible to Damage – Faded or scratched barcodes can become unreadable.
Lack of Error Correction – Unlike QR codes, linear barcode types do not include error correction.
Inflexibility in Digital Applications – 2D barcodes like QR codes are better suited for mobile engagement.
Selecting the best linear barcode type depends on:
Industry standards – Retailers need UPC/EAN, while logistics companies use Code 128 or ITF-14.
Data requirements – Need more than just a product number? GS1-128 can store batch data.
Printing & scanning needs – ITF-14 is great for corrugated boxes, but UPC is better for consumer packaging.
Label size constraints – UPC-E and EAN-8 work best for small products.
Regulatory compliance – Some industries, like pharmaceuticals, require specific barcode formats. Click to Read More.
Technology is constantly evolving, and barcode systems are no exception. Some emerging trends include:
AI-powered scanning for faster, error-free barcode recognition.
Blockchain integration to track products from origin to consumer.
Mobile-friendly barcode solutions for smartphone scanning and digital payments.
Technical Requirements for Printing and Scanning Linear Barcodes
Printing and scanning barcodes might seem simple, but in 35 years of experience at Tri-Link FTZ, I’ve seen how small errors in barcode generation can lead to big operational disruptions. If a barcode doesn’t scan properly, shipments get delayed, inventory counts become inaccurate, and supply chains slow down.
That’s why understanding the technical requirements for barcode printing and scanning is crucial. First, barcode resolution matters. A barcode that is too small or blurry won’t scan correctly.
The recommended print resolution is at least 300 DPI (dots per inch) for crisp and clear barcodes. If you’re printing on corrugated boxes, like with ITF-14 barcodes, you’ll need higher contrast and larger bars to maintain readability.
Second, barcode quiet zones are essential. A quiet zone is the blank space around a barcode that ensures it can be read properly.
If a barcode is too close to text or graphics, scanners may struggle to detect it. The quiet zone should be at least 10 times the width of the narrowest bar in the barcode.
Third, material selection impacts barcode durability. In high-traffic warehouses, labels need to withstand scratches, moisture, and extreme temperatures.
This is why we use thermal transfer labels at Tri-Link FTZ for long-lasting barcodes on shipping containers. If you’re using direct thermal printing (cheaper, but less durable), expect barcodes to fade over time.
Scanning technology also plays a big role. Laser scanners work best for 1D linear barcode types, while image-based scanners can handle both 1D and 2D codes.
Fixed-position scanners are ideal for high-speed logistics facilities, where pallets or packages move rapidly on conveyor belts. Handheld barcode scanners are more versatile and used in warehouse picking, retail checkout, and healthcare inventory tracking.
One of the biggest mistakes I’ve seen in barcode implementation is not testing barcodes before deployment. If a company prints 10,000 labels and realizes after scanning that they don’t work, it results in massive losses.
This is why we always conduct barcode verification tests at Tri-Link FTZ before rolling out new barcode systems. Read More.
Barcodes are only as good as the systems behind them. Simply printing and sticking a barcode on a box isn’t enough—you need a well-planned strategy to ensure smooth barcode integration in warehouse management, inventory control, and supply chain tracking.
One of the first steps is standardization. Businesses should use GS1-compliant barcodes to ensure compatibility across global supply chains.
This is why retailers, manufacturers, and logistics providers rely on UPC, EAN, and GS1-128 barcodes—because they are recognized worldwide.
Next, companies must train employees on proper barcode scanning techniques. I’ve seen workers hold scanners at the wrong angle, leading to frustrating misreads. A simple training session can reduce scanning errors by over 30%.
Another best practice is automating barcode data integration. At Tri-Link FTZ, our warehouse management system (WMS) is directly connected to our barcode scanning system.
This means that the moment an item is scanned, the inventory database updates automatically, eliminating manual entry errors. Additionally, businesses should regularly audit barcode performance.
Over time, barcodes fade, smudge, or become unreadable. Implementing a routine barcode quality check ensures that scans remain fast and accurate, preventing delays.
Finally, backing up barcode data is critical. If a barcode system fails due to a power outage or software crash, operations could come to a halt.
At Tri-Link FTZ, we store duplicate records of barcode data in both cloud-based and on-premise databases, ensuring that no information is lost.
Not all linear barcode types are equal when it comes to data storage and efficiency. Some are optimized for quick retail transactions, while others are designed for complex inventory management.
Types of Barcode | Max Data Capacity | Primary Use | Scanning Speed | Size Efficiency |
UPC | 12 digit | Retail Product Tracking | Fast | Compact |
EAN | 13 digit | International Retail | Fast | Compact |
Code 39 | Up to 43 characters | Manufacturing and Logistic | Medium | Larger than Code128 |
Code 128 | Up to 48 characters | Shipping and Warehousing | Fast | Very Compact |
ITF-14 | 14 digits | Carton and Case labeling | Fast | RequiresLarger Space |
GS1-128 | Up to 48 characters + extra data | Pharmaceuticals, food traceability | Medium | Requires Extra Space |
For businesses dealing with high-volume scanning, UPC and EAN barcodes offer the fastest performance. However, if a company needs more detailed tracking, GS1-128 is a better choice, as it stores batch numbers, expiration dates, and serial codes.
One of the biggest trade-offs with linear barcode types is that more data means larger barcodes. A Code 39 barcode storing 30 characters will be significantly longer than a UPC barcode with just 12 digits.
That’s why warehouse managers must balance between data capacity and physical label size.
The barcode industry is rapidly evolving. While linear barcode types remain dominant in retail and logistics, new technologies are reshaping how we track products.
One major trend is AI-powered barcode scanning. Traditional barcode readers only capture images, but AI-powered systems can interpret damaged barcodes, detect counterfeit products, and optimize warehouse workflows.
Another shift is the integration of blockchain with barcode tracking. Blockchain ensures that each scanned barcode is verified and traceable, reducing fraud in supply chains.
This is especially useful for pharmaceuticals and high-value goods. We’re also seeing the rise of mobile barcode scanning.
In the past, businesses relied on expensive handheld scanners, but now smartphones with AI-enhanced cameras can scan barcodes just as efficiently. This lowers costs for small businesses while expanding barcode accessibility.
Finally, GS1’s Sunrise 2027 initiative aims to phase out traditional UPC barcodes in favor of 2D QR-based barcodes. These next-gen barcodes will store both product information and digital content, making them more versatile for e-commerce and omnichannel retail.
With over 35 years in third-party logistics and foreign trade zone operations, we’ve seen firsthand how linear barcode types have transformed inventory management. Whether you’re in retail, healthcare, logistics, or manufacturing, choosing the right barcode type can make a huge difference in efficiency, accuracy, and cost savings.
At Tri-Link FTZ, we’ve optimized barcode scanning for fast-moving supply chains, helping businesses reduce errors, streamline operations, and improve traceability. As technology advances, barcode systems will only become smarter, faster, and more integrated with AI and blockchain.
If you’re looking for barcode-based inventory solutions within a Foreign Trade Zone (FTZ), reach out to us at Tri-Link FTZ. We’re committed to helping businesses navigate logistics challenges with cutting-edge barcode tracking solutions.
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